The Iraq War Nothing to Win and Everything to Lose Essay

America is under attack, not necessarily from an enemy in a faraway land, but by our own government. In the current year 2010, almost 7 years after shock and awe mission that officially started the war in Iraq, the U.S. government fails to acknowledge that our efforts in the Middle East have plagued, and that it is time to bring our troops home. The surge campaigns in recent years are felt by many to be an unofficial recognition that the war isn’t going well, and many top generals have had high hopes for this military strategy, but overwhelming evidence concludes this was a short-lived success. No one can deny the financial toll the Iraq war is having on America, our country is in the middle of the worst economic crisis in recent history,†¦show more content†¦Members of Al Qaeda simply left the area while it was heavily occupied, only to return when the U.S. threat was gone. There was a poll conducted by Iraq for Iraqi citizens and the overwhelming majority felt that conditions had not changed and that they themselves wished that American troops would leave they’re country. Although the primary goal of improving the lives of citizens was not fully realized there is a bigger flaw with the surge, it has a temporary goal to reduce American and Iraqi casualties, and reduce Al Quad attacks. These surges my pacify Americans for the meantime, but there is no evidence that the continued troop surges will aid in creating and maintaining a stable Iraqi state. The most obvious reason America should withdraw from Iraq is the number of lives that have been sacrificed on foreign soil, and the monumental cost put on the American tax payers in order to sustain this war on terror. In terms of American casualties, the Iraq war has killed almost 5,000 American fathers, mothers, brothers, and sisters. When you take into consideration the ongoing conflicts in Afghanistan, and random attacks against American contractors, the death toll rises even higher. The most tragic death toll from this senseless war have been the estimated 100,000 civilian deaths since American occupation in Iraq,Show MoreRelated The Conflict and Struggles in Iraq Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesThe Conflict and Struggles in Iraq Throughout history, the United States has attempted to overthrow corrupt government in other areas of the world and instating democracies such as ours. What the United States fails to realize is that reforms in a country’s political structure do not occur overnight, but rather to enforce these new changes, money and time is required. Sometimes the money and time seem to be more than we as a country bargain for, but I am a firm believer that youRead MoreThe War Of The Battlefield1183 Words   |  5 PagesWars existed in ancient time, and are still somewhere in the world. Questions like, how people fight, where it is, what is going on, and who wins last may catch curiosity of public. Therefore, journalism on battlefield is definitely important for both people who care about the war and military who want to build their images in society. In this essay, it will mainly focus on war news in modern times, and this would give a simple definition about what is embedded j ournalism, which will include generalRead MoreThe Death Of A Soldier1336 Words   |  6 PagesIn World War 2 over 65 million people lost their lives. The emotional toll on the families of the lost soldiers soon followed. Throughout World War 2 we gained many allies, but because of all the destruction that the was caused, for example, peoples homes and all their precious materials being stolen or destroyed, we lost a vast majority of those them. The taking of so many lives and destroying of countries can cause a lot of hate on the nations that inflicted this destruction. This can causeRead MoreThe Forces Of Logistics, Personnel Services, And Health Service1113 Words   |  5 Pagesexist, continue, etc.; to give support or relief to.† While pondering these definitions, I was led to review the Army Mission as stated in Army Doctrine Publication (ADP) 1. It states â€Å"The mission of the United States Army is to fight and win the Nation’s wars through prompt and sustained land combat, as part of the joint force.† There’s the word sustain(ed) again. The Army Mission goes on to say â€Å"We do this by – organizing, equipping, and training Army forces for prompt and sustained combat incidentRead MoreAll People Do Eavesdropping It?1106 Words   |  5 Pagesgovernment listening in can put certain ethnic groups into a heighten sense of fear and force their hand to go to any extreme to feel safe. People with Muslim cultural backgrounds are targeted due to events like 9/11 and the war on Iraq and in Afghanistan, though they could have nothing to do with ISIS attacks against the government the target is painted on their back to help â€Å"defend† the nation. Opposing individuals will see invasion of privacy as help for the greater good, especially military personnelRead MoreShould Women Be Allowed During Combat Roles During The Armed Forces?1326 Words   |  6 Pagesgrenade or 2. What each soldier is required to wear adds up to around 40-50 lbs. plus their assigned weapon. Then there s the rucksack that carries everything necessary for the mission(s) being conducted as each inventory varies. Needless to say, each rucksack doesn t shy away from totaling 50-60 lbs. They don t call themselves infantrymen for nothing. Infantrymen are those who belong to an infantry unit. As told by GoArmy.com, infantry is the main land combat force and backbone of the Army. TheyRead MoreEssay about Wars are Not Good for the Economy1846 Words   |  8 Pages One of the more enduring myths in Western society is that wars are somehow good for the economy. Many people see a great deal of evidence to support this myth, after all World War II came directly after the Great Depression. This faulty belief stems from a misunderstanding of the economic way of thinking. The standard a war gives the economy a boost argument goes as follows: Lets suppose that the economy is in the low end of the business cycle, so were in a recession or just a period ofRead MoreWhere Men Win Glory : The Odyssey Of Pat Tillman By Jon Krakauer2303 Words   |  10 PagesThe book I read was Where Men Win Glory: The Odyssey of Pat Tillman by Jon Krakauer. The book was published on September 15, 2009 and published by Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group. In addition, the book is 416 pages long, which includes quotes and praise from all kinds of publishers saying how great the book was. The genre of the book was a biography about the life of Patrick Daniel Tillman. The four themes I felt were the most important that went hand and hand with our class were politics in sportsRead MorePolitical Parties Are Essential For The Success And Longevity Of The United States2015 Words   |  9 Pagesparties also promote compromise and deliberation. Political parties are coalitions of people and interest groups with differing particular interests. Just because Elizabeth Warren is a high-ranking member of the Democratic Party, doesn’t mean she gets everything she wants. Compromise is essential in all of politics. Senior party leaders know that they must garner support of all the groups in their party, and some support outside of it, if they are to have any chance of winning an election. A RepublicanRead MoreThe Most Dangerous Game And The Hunger Games2027 Words   |  9 Pagesmake me think that most people will do inconceivable things if it means their survival. Another connection between these two texts is the protagonists being portrayed as underdogs. This is probably why I favoured the protagonists and wanted them to win their games (Hunger games and Hunting game). Both the texts have confident and ruthless villains that believe the victims are their puppets. In the Hunger Games, this is the Capital city and predominantly President Snow. It is The Capital who choose

Chakras; Gateway to the Soul, Gateway to Enlightenment ...

Chakras; Gateway to the Soul, Gateway to Enlightenment â€Å"The eloquent man is he who is no beautiful speaker, but who is inwardly and desperately drunk with a certain belief.† -- Ralph Waldo Emerson Children pose silly questions. Whether the question be about where babies come from, or deeper ideas. Some questions many kids ask are â€Å"Where is the soul?† as well as â€Å"What is a soul?† Some people would say the chin is where the soul is located. Others would say the soul is located in the heart, yet even some believe the soul is broken into different parts through the body. I believe the last choice. These bits of the soul are known as â€Å"chakras†. According to Dictionary.com, â€Å"a chakra is any of the seven major energy centres in the body.†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦The imbalance can cause depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, and dizziness. The throat chakra is located in the throat and is linked to the lungs. The throat chakra is what gives us the ability for self-expression. People who are usually balanced with their throat chakra are eloquent speakers, are generally loyal and are willing to share their beliefs. When there is an imbalance of the throat chakra it can cause asthma, and bronchitis. The next chakra is the heart. The heart chakra is located in the middle of the chest, and is associated with the heart. The color that is associated with the heart is the color green. People who are well balanced in their heart chakra generally compassionate, generous, and romantic. When there becomes an imbalance in the heart chakra evidence of this shows through a person easily. A person will become dependent on others, show bitterness to the world, and have a decrease in their immune system. Finally, the third eye is the most well-known chakra. The third eye is also referred to as the brow chakra This chakra is represented by the color indigo, and is associated with the eyes and lower part of the brain. If a person has balanced their brow chakra, they are intuitive, self-actualized, and insightful. One person that is balanced with her third eye is Doreen Virtue. Doreen is a clairvoyant american author who w rites books on philosophy and psychology. She is a great author, especially her book on

A Language Older Than Words Free Essays

A Language Older Than Words Response Paper In the novel A Language Older Than Words, Derrick Jensen covers many different themes in the many chapters that he has divided his book into. The two chapters that really interested me were Breaking Out and Economics. The two themes that Jensen discusses is the relationship with the self and other as well as the monetary symbol in our society respectively. We will write a custom essay sample on A Language Older Than Words or any similar topic only for you Order Now I was able to relate to both of these topics in different ways. In the chapter Breaking Out Jensen focuses on the image of the self and the relationship we have with each other. Jensen writes about how we are constricted to our own concentration camp in our society. It is not an actual concentration camp yet it is a concentration camp in our way of thinking and constructing the image of ourselves and our relationship as human beings. â€Å"In a concentration camp, it is better (in terms of maintaining physical life; spiritual life is an entirely different question) to be the killer than the killed, better to be a collaborator than a resister, a guard than a collaborator, a supervisor than a guard, and better still to be the boss (125). He states that having everyone act in his or her own best interest may not be the best interest for society in general. â€Å"Part of the reason we’ve been able to convince ourselves that by exploiting others we’re acting in our own best interest is that we’ve accepted a severely constricted definition of self (125). † Jensen speaks about how the image of our self is not the image that we should ac cept. We must break out of that concentration camp that society has constructed and create our own view of what type of individual we want to be without the help of society or the fear of society judging ones self. The quote that Jensen wrote about the concentration camp really strokes a chord in my head. My own analysis of this is that we are stuck as a society by always wanting to be the best and not looking out for others. The mentality of all men for themselves has spread in our society. I was thinking we are always competing in life. Whether it is for a job or a spot in a class, we are always competing. This competition creates this mentality that it is better to be the killer than the killed. The constricted definition of the self that Jensen speaks about relates to the workbook from class. When it speaks about sexuality and how there isn’t just male or female when there are many different colors of the rainbow. As a society we shouldn’t have to be constricted to what they want us to identify with. We need to break out of our ‘concentration camp’ and create our own identity without the help of society judging us. In the chapter Economics, Jensen writes about the fact that money rules all. He speaks about how everything in life turns into a money exchange. â€Å"I’d like three books, two packages of chicken McNuggets, and a blow to go, please. That which it is possible to reduce to a commodity and sell, is. That which can’t, is either (by definition) devalued, ignored, or simply destroyed (139)†. Jensen is trying to show the reader that everything has a relation to money. We need money in order to do the many things in life such as travel yet there are things that we don’t need money for. Here’s the problem: in this tidy world of economic categories, there’s no room for love, joy, mystery, for the sometimes confused and confusing, sometimes clear and clarifying, sometimes beautiful, sometimes magical suction of body on body, skin on skin soul on soul (139). †How I see this quote is that Jensen is saying we are so consumed in getting more money that we don’t have time for the things that really matter in our life li ke love and happiness. I can see where Jensen is coming from. I think our society is stuck into thinking that money is a priority. I think it is important because we do need money to survive yet we shouldn’t let money run our lives. The first quote shows how we see money as a constraint to happiness, love, and mystery. This reminds me of the discussion that we had in class on how we would like to travel the world when we graduate yet we are not able to because of the constraint of money and getting left behind in this ‘rat race’. We have all these obligations one after another that we are not able to pursue the things we really want to. Jensen brings a lot of good questions to mind while reading his novel. He is not afraid to say what he believes is happening to our society even though it seems like our society is corrupt. His thought on relationships opens up my window to knowing how easily people can ‘stab’ each other in the back in order to be the killer not the killed. His topic of money in our society shows how we are truly materialistic. We must give everything a dollar value and if it doesn’t have a dollar value then it is not valued. How much is happiness? How to cite A Language Older Than Words, Essays

Concept and Theories of CSR-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Analyse the Concept and theories of Corporate Social Responsibility and how it relates to Ethical Business Practices. Answer: Introduction The world today is facing rising social, political and economic crises, which is increasing the need of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)like never before, making it more relevant to businesses today. Todays business growth is getting directly associated with smart investments made in CSR, which is also assisting in attracting and retaining customers and the best talents. CSR is no more just a checkbox in an annual report. It is conventionally perceived as a method of seeking stakeholder approval and trusted brand recognition. CSR has evolved into becoming one of the tactical pillars for complete business growth (Suliman, Al-Khatib and Thomas 2016). I would be discussing in this study about the topic of labor and human rights discrimination inside CSR, taking Apple as a case study, why it should be considered and the different ways in which it can be given importance. Discussion I have noticed majorly in terms of CSR that it is hardly mentioned by the companies in their websites, their reports or their communications, regarding what they are doing in regards to it. I find it quite obvious that this did not come about without any kind of controversy. Approximately a decade ago The Economist published a special report in which it discussed about CSR, opening with the line: CSR has won the battle of ideas." But since the thrashing of CSR by Milton Friedman in the New York Times in 1970, it has been argued by the critics that companies just do not possess the capability of catering to the societal needs beyond the production of goods and services at a profit to the stakeholders (Hack, Kenyon and Wood 2014). These critics have always complemented the rise of CSR. If I look at the present business community and the generic enthusiasm surrounding CSR, then the situation does not actually prove the criticism wrong. If I look more closely, a majority of what the organizations are doing in the area of CSR has never actually transcended the clear cut profit motive of the organizations. I suppose if Milton Friedman visits the present world of CSR he would actually become very pleased. After all, majority of the CSR activities happen with the espoused goal of value creation for the business (Orlitzky 2015). Michael Porter has suggested that instead of just talking about CSR, organizations must concentrate on embracing this concept of shared value creation (Boulouta and Pitelis 2014). Impact on stakeholders Inside the concept of CSR, human rights hold a very important place, working for the free and equal rights of dignity and inherent rights for all humans. Inside any business, stakeholder engagement is quite essential for their effort in meetings the CSR standards for respecting this human rights. Many organizations are having separate systems and procedures for carrying out a wide range of stakeholder engagement activities. There are certain important things that requires attention while consulting stakeholders in major situations, like identification and assessment of real human rights impact, tracking and reporting about organizational efforts for prevention and management of these impacts, and designing of effective grievance systems and remediation procedures (Schrempf-Stirling, Palazzo and Phillips 2016). Issue in an organization The simplest reality that I can see is that the CSR that has been adopted by majority of the organizations have done almost nothing for convincing the common public that organizations are actually positively contributing to the society (Su et al. 2016). One such example of an organization is Apple. Back in 2009-2010, multiple suicides took place at Foxconn, one of Apples suppliers. Reports by the Chinese local press stated that the working hours were excessively long and the Taiwanese superiors showed discrimination towards the mainland Chinese workers. A total of 13 workers committed suicide, the reason of which was found out by an undercover investigation to be internal management. The workers were not allowed to be interacting with one another, and if they did they there penalized with a fine or at times held being in contempt by the manager. The weekly working hours extended ten hours above the maximum hours that was set by Apples Supplier Code. In 2011, there were reports in the media regarding child labor issues getting worse at the supplier side. That years Supplier Responsibility Report reported 91 underage workers at the suppliers. The media reports regarding the suicides and the underage labor had an adverse impact on the image of Apple. Legislations Some of the legislations that support human and labor rights are the ILO Tripartite Declaration on Fundamental Principles and Rights at Work, the ILO Tripartite Declaration of Principles Concerning Multinational Enterprises and Social Policy, the OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises, the United Nations Norms on the Responsibilities of Transnational Corporations and Other Business Enterprises, the Equator Principles and the United Nations Global Compact. These legislations are in place to make sure CSR and employee rights are in the right place at organizations. I have found that in comparison to the situation ten years ago, today a large number of businesses both small and large are having sustainability reports of their own and are integrating CSR as a section of their daily business activities. The organizations that consider CSR as a direct corporate response to the ever growing consumer demand for transparency (Chernev and Blair 2015). Recommendations I have understood from ample research that ignoring the social responsibility of any organization can spell disaster for the. I recommend proper labor and human rights policies being an active part of the business plan of every organization. There is not late in starting to make a difference. Companies care about CSR only because their customers do, as consumers look down upon those organizations that ignore CSR and develop unethical reputations (Korschun, Bhattacharya and Swain 2014). I even recommend using labor rights and CSR practices for increasing the bottom line of any organization, no matter the size of the business as that would be helpful in building trust with employees, customers and even the suppliers. I believe if organizations are doing the right thing then their value can go far beyond the good deed itself. CSR helps in driving better business outcomes, increasing employee engagement, attracting likeminded partners and more such benefits. I believe CSR has started bec oming more of a heritage asset, which implies that people are preferring their service efforts for leaving lasting effects. These efforts might be leading to newer partnerships with similar minded organizations. In order to helping move the organizations in the direction of social responsibility actions and not just in words, then I can first recommend formulation of vision. There is a need of pinpointing what the company stands for on a comprehensive scale (berseder, Schlegelmilch and Murphy 2013). The next step that I would be recommending is emphasizing the actions that the organization is passionate about and dedicated towards. Any kind of hypocrisy or discrimination would be leading to extreme criticism. After the initiative has been designed I recommend bringing much exposure to the situation as possible with the help of launch events and public signs. There is also the need of managing the campaign for making sure it carries on running smoothly all along the way. While developing the CSR, I recommend making it sure that the mission is aligning with what the customers and the employees are looking for in the organization. Conclusion People generally want supporting the people who are doing something good but even after that they are looking for initiatives for matching up with their own ones. I discussed in this study the reasons why CSR is more than what people think it to be, why it should be considered and the different ways in which it can be given importance. References Boulouta, I. and Pitelis, C.N., 2014. Who needs CSR? The impact of corporate social responsibility on national competitiveness.Journal of Business Ethics,119(3), pp.349-364. Chernev, A. and Blair, S., 2015. Doing well by doing good: The benevolent halo of corporate social responsibility.Journal of Consumer Research,41(6), pp.1412-1425. Hack, L., Kenyon, A.J. and Wood, E.H., 2014. A Critical Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Timeline: how should it be understood now.International Journal of Management Cases,16(4), pp.46-55. Korschun, D., Bhattacharya, C.B. and Swain, S.D., 2014. Corporate social responsibility, customer orientation, and the job performance of frontline employees.Journal of Marketing,78(3), pp.20-37. Martnez, P. and del Bosque, I.R., 2013. CSR and customer loyalty: The roles of trust, customer identification with the company and satisfaction.International Journal of Hospitality Management,35, pp.89-99. berseder, M., Schlegelmilch, B.B. and Murphy, P.E., 2013. CSR practices and consumer perceptions.Journal of Business Research,66(10), pp.1839-1851. Orlitzky, M., 2015. The politics of corporate social responsibility or: why Milton Friedman has been right all along.Annals in Social Responsibility,1(1), pp.5-29. Schrempf-Stirling, J., Palazzo, G. and Phillips, R.A., 2016. Historic corporate social responsibility.Academy of Management Review,41(4), pp.700-719. Su, W., Peng, M.W., Tan, W. and Cheung, Y.L., 2016. The signaling effect of corporate social responsibility in emerging economies.Journal of business Ethics,134(3), pp.479-491. Suliman, A.M., Al-Khatib, H.T. and Thomas, S.E., 2016. Corporate Social Responsibility.Corporate Social Performance: Reflecting on the Past and Investing in the Future, p.15.

Interview with Mr. Lee Action Films of the 1950s

Introduction Interview is used by researchers for several purposes. Factually, an interview is a primary data collection method on beliefs, practices, and opinions among others. This paper presents the action movie scene in the 1950s in the view of the 72 years old Mr. Lee from Tennessee Valley. The paper explores the movie scene during the 1950s era in the elements of types of films, presentation and perception of their audience.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Interview with Mr. Lee: Action Films of the 1950s specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Action Films in the 1950s Mr. Chung Wing Lee is a 72 years old American. Though he has a fair mastery of English language, it is apparent that his native Korean language has influence on his pronunciation of some English words. Reflectively, Mr. Lee is an enthusiast of action movies and is proud of sharing the same passion with anybody interested to listen. He describes goi ng to the movies in the 1950s as a very special event embraced by the whole family who had to buy the movie tickets a week before the actual screen. Mr. Lee recalls that the whole of Tennessee Valley had only two theatres called the Sunset Cinema in uptown and the Caribbean Cinema in downtown. Unlike the present setting of the movie theatres, Mr. Lee observes that the black and white screens were relatively small and not very clear. However, action movies had a cultic following among the young adults. Movies that Mr. Lee cannot stop talking about include the Seven Samurai, Vikings, Crimson Pirate, and War of the Worlds. Though displayed on a black and white screen, Mr. Lee recalls the day when the Caribbean Cinema was filled to its capacity following the release of the Attack film in 1957. While smiling sarcastically, Mr. Lee declared that snacks that were sold in the entrance of the movie theatres were the bambino corns, milk shakes, and Coca-Cola drink. The most expensive snack wa s retailing at only ten cents. Movie tickets were charged differently according to the sitting position in the theatre, number of group attendees and age limit of the audience. Theatre ushers were mainly stationed at the entrance of the movie halls and would guide the audience to their sitting position as indicated in the movie tickets. Mr. Lee vividly recollects that the theatres in the 1950s showed two films for every admission on weekdays and three films on weekends. Generally, the movies of the 1950s had the common themes of love, family values and punishment for crimes against the society. The sound systems in these theatres were not as clear as they are at present in the view of Mr. Lee. Besides, the music in the films was generally rusty. Mr. Lee opines that movies of the 1950s were very friendly to entire family viewing despite being action films as compared to the action movies of the present time. He argues that action film makers of their time were conscious of family val ues and would hide the excessive violent images through use of clever image manipulation.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More However, he admits that the current movie theatres are better that the movie theatres of the 1950s. Specifically, the lighting, color and sound proofing systems are more advance and friendlier to the audience than in the 1950s. From the results of this interview, it must have been fun attending action movies in the 1950s and paying five cents for snacks. This essay on Interview with Mr. Lee: Action Films of the 1950s was written and submitted by user Derr1ck to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

MRP Riordan Electric Fans

MRP Riordan Electric Fans Introduction Riordan has to utilize an effective MRP in order to develop and distribute quality electric fans. As observable in most other organizations, this concept is becoming increasingly applicable. Particularly, this is relevant for successful product development and initiation into the market. A successful manufacture and launch of new product requires a comprehensive internal and environmental analysis.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on MRP: Riordan Electric Fans specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In these processes, various factors must be considered and evaluated (Sheikh, 2002). Riordan already manufactures electric fans in some of its oversea branches. It is imperative to note that practical lessons can be drawn from these operations. These might assist in the establishment of strategic electric fan manufacturing and dispersion procedures. This paper presents a market research plan for the manufacturing of Rio rdan electric fans. The MRP for the Manufacturing of the Riordan Electric Fans The human resource is a fundamental requirement in any manufacturing resource planning. This is because they provide the necessary capacity and services that ensure all new demands are met within the system. Strategic location of the manufacturing company is crucial for an effective system. Normally, raw materials for manufacturing electric fans might be hard to locate and transport (Sheikh, 2002). This requires Riordan to be situated very close to the source of important raw materials. Ideally, the consideration helps in different ways. For instance, it minimizes the costs associated with transportation and preservation of the raw materials. It is also vital to manage the resources and inventories in a proper and transparent manner. Corruption and embezzlement of resources has always led to the decline of many organizations involved in manufacturing activities. Another critical observation is to advance effective systems for supply chain management. Procurement processes must also be based on integrity. There needs to be a clear and well articulated guidelines for production processes (Sheikh, 2002). The fundamental aim of Riordan should be to minimize the expenses involved in the production of the electric fans. Riordan must recognize the significance of ensuring maximum time efficiency within all its manufacturing activities. Environment, health and safety issues involved in the manufacturing of the electric fans must be adequately considered. Laid down worksite frameworks are suitable for reducing injuries and other inconveniences associated with occupational health risks (Sheikh, 2002). Standard operating procedures are crucial within all systems of manufacturing.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Notably, the standard procedures act as crucial guidelines for al l workers involved within different manufacturing units. Observably, this is a part for strategic management. It enables the practice of total quality management and assurance processes within the entire organization. Riordan must initiate effective collaborations. These may be done with other important business organs such as distributors and marketers. The objective of this initiative is to enhance the process through which all the manufactured electric fans reach the intended clients or market. The intermediaries must be assessed actively for compliance and efficiency before such collaborations are undertaken. Market research is a basic tool for assessing the probable areas in which the electric fans might be distributed (Sheikh, 2002). Apart from this, the observation helps in the examination of the level of demand resident within various markets or geographical destinations. Riordan must ensure maximum environmental protection and corporate social responsibility. These indicati ons must be established within all regions of operation. Generally, there are several elements for consideration before the actual initiation of manufacturing process. Riordan must consider all these observations in order to remain competitive. Reference Sheikh, K. (2002). Manufacturing resource planning (MRP II): With introduction to ERP, SCM and CRM. London: McGraw-Hill.

The Roaring 20's Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Roaring 20's - Essay Example The US senate also rejected to agree the Treaty of Versailles which formally ended WW1 and provided for the creation of the Group of Nations. The Senate decided to reject the Treaty from the fear it may lead to the engagement of the US in future European conflicts. Americans merely do not need to cope with, nor tolerate the issues of Europe and overseas. (Pietrusza 5-10) As soon Americans place war just behind their minds that helped them to neglect the issues of European matters, and concentrate on the nation, their area, and themselves. American citizens identified themselves in a time of change, both the socially and culturally. Several think that values had crumbled entirely. Prior to The First World War, females wore their hair lengthy, had dresses touching their ankles, and very long silk cotton stockings. In the 20s, they put on shorter, tight clothes, and folded their silk tights right down to their knees. They wore fancy lip gloss and various makeup products. Ultimately, lad ies were even allowed the right to votein nineteenth Amendment. Women were never considered as an important part of the society up to that period, in American society. As soon as the women had the authority to vote, they didn't merely sit back again. The ladies of 20's worked for equal rights for both males and females in community (Pietrusza 10-15) On other hand there were numerous problems running rampant in the whole country after results of World war. Most of all Red Scare issue appeared to be the greatest problem raised. Red Scare that was noticed as a foreign communist conspiracy which was held responsible for numerous protest actions and union exercises in the years of 1919 and 1920. A lot of Americas additionally kept an eye on the growing actions of the Klu Klux Klan who were involved in terrorizing people from other countries including blacks, Jews as well as Roman Catholics. (Pietrusza 25-35) Books, fine art, and new music also mirrored the nations altering values. There were a lot of well-known writers, playwrights, music artists and performers which left their tag in the 20s. Sinclair Lewis published Main Street (1920), which reflects what he thought to be the boring lives and narrow oriented behaviors of individuals in a little town. One of the very best American authors to come up from the 20s was Ernest Hemingway. The most noted appreciated works of Hemingway includes "In to the trees" and "Across the trees" .A lot of Hemingway's best works delivered the conduct and encounters of the era's so named "last generation." During the 20's, Jazz was getting very famous. Whenever the turntable was switched on, Americans simply just had to party. It was a fresh experience of enjoyment, and satisfaction which arrived together with the origins of jazz tracks in USA. With jazz getting major, Americans move far from classic music and dancing and began discovering other kinds of new music for example jazz. The pleasant, light, simple sensation associated wit h jazz tunes was just an addition of American emotions through the 20's; wondrous and totally free spirited. (Pietrusza 40-43) Radio also popped the gates for innovative enjoyment for example evening programs for viewers to hear to. Mothers and fathers and their kids would remain close to the radio tuning in to such nightly funny shows as "Amos

Pictures of Everyday Life Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Pictures of Everyday Life - Essay Example Generally speaking, the following represents human culture-- stories, beliefs, media, ideas, and works of art, religious practices, fashions, rituals, specialized knowledge, and common sense (Butler 1-23). However, so as to comprehend fully people's relationships with each other and to social establishments, it is vital to understand the structure of society. Fundamentally, people define themselves in terms of cultures and societies and employ these characterizations as determinants of social interface, groups and organizations and deviant behavior. A classic definition, depicts culture as "the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs, knowledge, material objects, and behavior; likewise, it includes the ideas, values, customs, and artifacts of groups of people" (Schaeffer 51). However, patterns of culture per se do not offer an unambiguous perception and understanding of the idea of culture; as it is, culture is a lot more than just the object or behavior. Basically, culture also deals with standards, principles, viewpoints, or significant representations. Approximately, standards are actually the way people conduct themselves in a given society, principles are what they consider as cherished opinions, beliefs are how people think the whole world operates, and significant representations are symbols, usually representing social norms, values, and beliefs themselves (Matthew 3). Going back to the restaurant scenario, a serious observer can now begin to contemplate and ponder on questions like -- what is the structure of this particular society in its entirety Or what are its constituents and the relationships between elements What is the significance of change Where does this social order stand in the accounts of human history What will it give to make the meaning of humanity more evocative and consequential More importantly, what are its crucial facets and how do they vary from those of times past gone What types of men and women now prevail in this civilization and in this epoch If we try to seize the different "behavioral landscapes" in that restaurant and let them "freeze" for a moment, then perhaps "photography" can be used to briefly capture the sociology of everyday life. By taking photographs of societal circumstances and by construing existing photographic images, significant "meanings" can be had, the kind of understanding that is not commonly obtained in most situations. At the outset, it elevates people's sensitivities and their process of forming insights to social circumstances because now, passive seeing has been substituted - passive seeing is when countless muddled and frenzied notions fleetingly drift before people's very eyes -- but by

Shakin baby syndrome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Shakin baby syndrome - Essay Example Furthermore, the common perpetrators are normally male in 65% to 90% of reported cases. To this end, they are either the mother’s husband or boyfriend (Buttram, 9). Incidentally, whenever a child’s head is continuously shaken back and forth, the head rotates uncontrollably since the neck muscles have not been fully developed; hence there is minimal support for their heads (Buttram, 9). To this end, following the violent and erratic movement, the brain is pitched forwards and backwards within the infants’ skull. This leads to a rupturing of the nerves and blood vessels located all over the brain. The brain tissue is also torn. In addition, bleeding and bruising to the brain occurs when it strikes the inside of the skull (Comer,18). The injury also stands the chance of being aggravated in the case that the shaking episode concludes with impact such as knocking against a crib mattress or wall. This is due to the cumulative forces of acceleration and deceleration whi ch are significantly strong. Following an end to the shaking episode, the resulting swelling in the brain may lead to extreme pressure inside the skull. This consequently causes a compression of the blood vessels that eventually cause widespread injury to delicate structures in the baby’s brain. ... To this end, the severity of the signs and symptoms normally depend on the force and duration of the shaking, the recurrence of the shaking episodes as well as whether impact was involved. In some very violent cases, the victim may end up in shock, suffering from seizures or unconscious upon arriving at the emergency room (Comer, 18). As far as a child who is suffering from less severe shaken syndrome, the signs and symptoms are many. These may include, irritability, lethargy, poor swallowing of food or suckling, seizures, decreased appetite, unequal pupil size, alterations in consciousness, vomiting, inability to track movement or focus the eyes (Palusci, 24).There are physical indicators of a parent knowing if someone shook the baby. These include glassy eyes or rigidity in appearance. Neurological changes normally occur as the brain cells are destroyed and oxygen supply to the brain is depleted. In cases of severity, the baby may suffer from seizures, exhibit difficulty in breathi ng or heart failure. There are long-term and irreversible effects in the event of severe shaken baby syndrome. To this end, survivors of shaken baby syndrome normally exhibit seizure, total or partial blindness, impaired intellect, attention and memory problems, cerebral palsy, learning and speech impairments, developmental delays, as well as hearing loss (Comer,18). As far as diagnosis of Shaken Baby Syndrome is concerned, a majority of cases are reported as â€Å"silent injuries.† This means that most caregivers or parents rarely provide a medical history of any shaking injury or head trauma that affected the baby. Consequently, doctors at times are ignorant of looking for any physical or internal signs. The resulting situation is that babies can end up having multiple injuries that

China Airlines Flight 611 Engineering Essay

China Airlines Flight 611 Engineering Essay China Airlines Flight 611, Boeing 747-200 aircraft, was flying from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport Taoyuan Originally named as Chiang Kai Shek International Airport to Hong Kong International Airport in Hong Kong, a regularly scheduled flight on 25 May 2002. The aircraft was reported to be disintegrated in mid-air, and crashed into the Taiwan Strait just after 25 minutes after taking off, killing all 225 people aboard. The aircraft was popular around the world and was widely used for over 20 years. After which the accident happened, Taiwanese Authorities quickly launched one of the largest rescue mission of the country aviation history. The incident of the crash occurred between 15:37 and 15:40, local time, the aircraft disappeared from radar screens, assuming that it has experienced and in-flight breakup at FL350 (approximately 35,000 feet), in the Taiwan Strait, near the Penghu Islands. It was spotted by a military C-130 aircraft, approximately 23 nautical miles northeast of makung. The aircraft consists of total 19 crew members and 206 passengers. All was found dead after the crashed and the first body was found at 18:10. Some passengers were found floating on the surface of the ocean, while some remained strapped in their seats. Pieces of the aircraft were also found in the ocean and on Taiwan, as well as the city of Changhua. No signs of burns, explosives or gunshots were found on the wreckage by searchers, except that oil slicks were spotted. Section 2 Event The aircraft was popular around the world and was widely used for over 20 years. After which the accident happened, Taiwanese Authorities quickly launched one of the largest rescue mission of the country aviation history. More than a thousand people took part in it. Fishing boat, coast guard and Taiwan military race out to the sea. The aircraft was found 55km away from the Taiwanese shore, north of the Penghu island where it disappeared. Great amount of wreckage, including landing gear wheels, are found on the ocean. Wreckage of the plane was spread far and wide. Some items are found on land, and some were more than a 100km away in Central Taiwan. As the rescue team continues, Taiwan Aviation Safety Council begins its investigations into the crash of the 22 year-old plane. It was reported that, there is typically one major accident happens every four years, for China Airlines, and this particular accident was so far the most difficult one. The search for survivors goes around the clock. There were 225 people on the airplane, however, none was found alive. Bodies were taken to the Penghu Island to be identified and examined. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) then joins the investigation, and a team of investigators was dispatched to Taiwan. Investigators wants to know how one of the most successful and popular airplane simply fell off the sky. 25 days after the crash, of flight 611, two Black Box were found, in which, one contains the voice recording of voice conversation in the cockpit and the other, data from the flight computer. However, either could give what happened. After trying to retrieve the conversation in the cockpit, there are no unusual sounds before the crash, only after which, the sound of the plane crashing apart was recorded and the recording stopped. Wreckage examinations were the only option left for investigations. At a cruising altitude of 34,900 feet, the aircraft experienced an in-flight break-up. After which, it approaches to its cruising altitude of 35,000 feet. Before the breakup, the thrust of one of the aircrafts four engine began to subside. Concurrently, the engine was the only one recovered from the sea floor. It was likely due to the structural failure in the aft lower lobe section of the fuselage. The final investigation report indicates that the accident was caused by improper repair and maintenance after a previous incident, happened in 1980. It is the result of metal fatigue of the aircrafts tail. On the 7 February, 1980, China Airlines Flight 611 had a tailstrike accident while landing in Hong Kong. Part of the planes tail was damaged in the incident. A temporary repair on the airplane was done the day after.  A more permanent repair was conducted by a team from China Airlines from 23 May to 26 May, 1980. However, during the permanent repair of the tailstrike, it was not carried in accordance with the Boeing Structural Manual (SRM). The area of the damaged skin on the planes tail was not trimmed or removed properly. In addition, the repair doubler plate that was supposed to cover in excess of 30% of the damaged area did not extend beyond the entire damaged area enough to restore the overall structural strength. The cause of the metal fatigue had evidences of brown nicotine stain, caused by the smoke from the cigarettes of people, about seven years before the disaster (smoking was allowed in a pressurized plane at that time). The engineers detected brown nicotine stain all the way around the doubler plate during the inspection. It is concluded that due to the nicotine to had been seeping out because of the pressure that built up when the airplane is in cruising altitude, then stained the part around the doubler plate of the tail. However, there is no proper maintenance done to the doubler plate, which then causes the plane to fall apart in mid air. Section 3 Maintenance Error The accident for the crash is due to improper structural repair. Day after the tail strike, China Airline did a temporary repair, engineers attached a large aluminum plate over the damaged area but a more permanent repair was to be carried out within four months. Engineers of China Airline placed doubler plates right over the scratched material, but the doubler plate that they used was not 30% larger than the affected area. In fact, it was barely or maybe not even larger than the scratched area in certain area. According to the Boeing Repair Manual, many of the scratches on plane were too deep to be repaired. The entire damaged section should had been cut out and replaced by a new one. However, it was not done so, as evidence indicates that the repair was not done according to the Boeing repair Manual. After much investigations, it appears that the maintenance technician failed to replace the damaged pieces, which causes the scratches to remained. China Airline engineers told the investigator that the scratched area was too large to be cut down, so they sanded the scratches down instead. Even though the repair was not done accordingly to the Boeing Repair Manual instructions, they made it seemed like it was. China Airline Engineers documented that they had repaired according to the Boeing standard, and that made the damage impossible to detect as anyone reading the entry would assumed that the damaged area had been cut out as it should had been done so. Thus, metal fatigue of the instrument caused a maintenance error of improper structural repair by the China Airline engineers was disastrous. Section 4 Contributing Factors 4.1 The China Airlines Flight 611 accident was caused by improper use of information/ incorrect modified information/ improper work process. The China Airlines Flight 611 suffered a tail strike while landing on runway on the 7th of February 1980, 22 years before the accident, at the time when the airplane was only six months old. On the day after the tail strike China Airlines did a temporary repair by attaching a large aluminium plate over the damaged area. A permanent repair was scheduled for the aircraft four months later. According to Boeings Structural Repair Manual, a light scratch on the structure of the aircraft can simply be sanded down. But the tail strike that occurred left a deep scratch on the skin of the fuselage that cannot be repaired by sanding it down. The correct procedure was to cut out the damaged area and replace it with a doubler patch that is 30% larger than the original affected area. China Airlines told that the area was too large to be cut out. They did not follow the procedure and carried on sanding down the scratches and finally covering it with a doubler plate. Unfortunately the repair wasnt sufficient nor was the doubler plate large enough. This shows that the engineer tasked with this did not use the information given to him by the Boeings structural repair manual nor did he followed the work process/ procedure but instead modified the manufacturers Structural repair manual incorrectly. With the doubler plate perfectly concealing the improper repair from ever being detected by anyone, the scratches were left to deteriorate into cracks and allowed to spread out for 22 years, until the pressure in the plane was too large for the structure of the plane to withstand that the plane tore apart in mid-air. 4.2 Another contributing factor includes the complacency of engineers. According to Boeings recommendations, the scratches on the skin of the fuselage were too deep to be repaired. The proper action was to cut out the damaged area and replace it with a doubler patch 30% larger than the removed area. The engineer in charge of the task was probably complacent and thought that it was okay to simply sand the scratched area and put a doubler plate on it. He probably thought that the scratch was nothing serious and the doubler plate was strong enough to support the skin and hence did the repairs following his own false judgments. After the Aloha Airlines Flight 243 accident on April 28 1988, the Federal Aviation Administration laid out inspection procedures to be done on older planes. The inspection of China Airlines Flight 611 was carried out on 2001, a year before the accident. This would have been an opportunity for China Airlines to detect the improper repair that was done 21 years back when they found a brown stain on one of the 31 doublers found on the aircraft. This could have warned them of the catastrophic crack that lies behind the doubler and forced them to take immediate action. The China Airlines overlooked this to be something minor and moved on to the second part of the Federal Aviation Administrations procedure which was a detailed inspection of the repaired areas scheduled to be done on the 2nd November 2002. Unfortunately the Boeing-747 never made it to the specified date. 4.3 Another contributing factor includes improper work process and procedure. The repair done was on the damage caused by the tail strike four months later was not logged in truthfully. The way that the engineer logged the repair done to the damaged area made it seem like it was in accordance to the Boeings recommendations and structural repair manual. This lead the improper repair to be oblivious to anyone as anyone who read the entry would have thought that the damaged area had been cut out as it should have been. 4.4 Amount of supervision The repair job might have lacked supervision when it was done and logged. There was no one to witness and re-check the repair that was supposed to be done, how it was done and how it was logged in the entry. If there was someone watching over their actions then hiding such a big mistake would have been impossible. At the very least the engineer would have had to schedule for another proper repair to be done on the next scheduled check. Section 5 Error Prevention Strategies Aviation agencies around the world to inspect their plane more thoroughly for any hidden damages that might develop into a major structure failure. Operators should take the doubler plates off and do a visual inspection to the structure underneath. Develop a tool that allows mechanics to easily detect hidden damages behind the doubler. Such tools are used today. Using ultrasound, sound wave travels through metals and it can reveal damage underneath the doubler. It is the same technology that allows doctor to see the foetus inside the mothers womb .The disadvantage is that it requires a lot of time. Reinforce importance to perform structural repairs according to the Structure Repair Manual or other regulatory agency approved methods, without deviation, and perform damage assessment in accordance with the approved regulations, procedures, and best practices. For any structural damages beyond existing approved data, operators should seek assistance and consultation from the manufacturer(s) for appropriate repair procedures. Categorize structural repair as a major repair Describe defect type and location clearly Step by step instructions and signature requirements Detailed drawings of the damages, locations on the aircraft, doubler dimensions, material specifications, applicable Structure Repair Manual sections, and any special instructions Review the record keeping system to ensure that all maintenance activities have been properly recorded. No longer accept any quick writes of the repair work was done properly if the repair does not have all the necessary documentation that show the repair was done properly in order to provide a clear view for inspector/auditors conducting records reviews. Assess and implement safety related airworthiness requirements, which consists of the Repair Assessment Program(RAP) and Corrosion Prevention and Control Program, at the earliest practicable time and ensure they are completed in conformity with the approved maintenance documents. When implementing the programs, information such as, operational factors, safety aspects, and the uncertainty factors in workmanship and inspection should be fully documented. Increase maintenance crews awareness with regard to the irregular shape of the aircraft structure, as well as any potential signs that may indicate hidden structural damage. 7. Operators to maintain healthy relationship with the manufacturers field service representative so as to actively seek assistance and consultation from manufacturers field service representatives in maintenance and repair operations. 8. Consider the implementation of stand-alone power sources for flight recorders and adding of cabin pressure as one of the mandatory Flight Data Recorder parameter to improve effectiveness in investigations.

China Airlines Flight 611 Engineering Essay

China Airlines Flight 611 Engineering Essay China Airlines Flight 611, Boeing 747-200 aircraft, was flying from Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport Taoyuan Originally named as Chiang Kai Shek International Airport to Hong Kong International Airport in Hong Kong, a regularly scheduled flight on 25 May 2002. The aircraft was reported to be disintegrated in mid-air, and crashed into the Taiwan Strait just after 25 minutes after taking off, killing all 225 people aboard. The aircraft was popular around the world and was widely used for over 20 years. After which the accident happened, Taiwanese Authorities quickly launched one of the largest rescue mission of the country aviation history. The incident of the crash occurred between 15:37 and 15:40, local time, the aircraft disappeared from radar screens, assuming that it has experienced and in-flight breakup at FL350 (approximately 35,000 feet), in the Taiwan Strait, near the Penghu Islands. It was spotted by a military C-130 aircraft, approximately 23 nautical miles northeast of makung. The aircraft consists of total 19 crew members and 206 passengers. All was found dead after the crashed and the first body was found at 18:10. Some passengers were found floating on the surface of the ocean, while some remained strapped in their seats. Pieces of the aircraft were also found in the ocean and on Taiwan, as well as the city of Changhua. No signs of burns, explosives or gunshots were found on the wreckage by searchers, except that oil slicks were spotted. Section 2 Event The aircraft was popular around the world and was widely used for over 20 years. After which the accident happened, Taiwanese Authorities quickly launched one of the largest rescue mission of the country aviation history. More than a thousand people took part in it. Fishing boat, coast guard and Taiwan military race out to the sea. The aircraft was found 55km away from the Taiwanese shore, north of the Penghu island where it disappeared. Great amount of wreckage, including landing gear wheels, are found on the ocean. Wreckage of the plane was spread far and wide. Some items are found on land, and some were more than a 100km away in Central Taiwan. As the rescue team continues, Taiwan Aviation Safety Council begins its investigations into the crash of the 22 year-old plane. It was reported that, there is typically one major accident happens every four years, for China Airlines, and this particular accident was so far the most difficult one. The search for survivors goes around the clock. There were 225 people on the airplane, however, none was found alive. Bodies were taken to the Penghu Island to be identified and examined. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) then joins the investigation, and a team of investigators was dispatched to Taiwan. Investigators wants to know how one of the most successful and popular airplane simply fell off the sky. 25 days after the crash, of flight 611, two Black Box were found, in which, one contains the voice recording of voice conversation in the cockpit and the other, data from the flight computer. However, either could give what happened. After trying to retrieve the conversation in the cockpit, there are no unusual sounds before the crash, only after which, the sound of the plane crashing apart was recorded and the recording stopped. Wreckage examinations were the only option left for investigations. At a cruising altitude of 34,900 feet, the aircraft experienced an in-flight break-up. After which, it approaches to its cruising altitude of 35,000 feet. Before the breakup, the thrust of one of the aircrafts four engine began to subside. Concurrently, the engine was the only one recovered from the sea floor. It was likely due to the structural failure in the aft lower lobe section of the fuselage. The final investigation report indicates that the accident was caused by improper repair and maintenance after a previous incident, happened in 1980. It is the result of metal fatigue of the aircrafts tail. On the 7 February, 1980, China Airlines Flight 611 had a tailstrike accident while landing in Hong Kong. Part of the planes tail was damaged in the incident. A temporary repair on the airplane was done the day after.  A more permanent repair was conducted by a team from China Airlines from 23 May to 26 May, 1980. However, during the permanent repair of the tailstrike, it was not carried in accordance with the Boeing Structural Manual (SRM). The area of the damaged skin on the planes tail was not trimmed or removed properly. In addition, the repair doubler plate that was supposed to cover in excess of 30% of the damaged area did not extend beyond the entire damaged area enough to restore the overall structural strength. The cause of the metal fatigue had evidences of brown nicotine stain, caused by the smoke from the cigarettes of people, about seven years before the disaster (smoking was allowed in a pressurized plane at that time). The engineers detected brown nicotine stain all the way around the doubler plate during the inspection. It is concluded that due to the nicotine to had been seeping out because of the pressure that built up when the airplane is in cruising altitude, then stained the part around the doubler plate of the tail. However, there is no proper maintenance done to the doubler plate, which then causes the plane to fall apart in mid air. Section 3 Maintenance Error The accident for the crash is due to improper structural repair. Day after the tail strike, China Airline did a temporary repair, engineers attached a large aluminum plate over the damaged area but a more permanent repair was to be carried out within four months. Engineers of China Airline placed doubler plates right over the scratched material, but the doubler plate that they used was not 30% larger than the affected area. In fact, it was barely or maybe not even larger than the scratched area in certain area. According to the Boeing Repair Manual, many of the scratches on plane were too deep to be repaired. The entire damaged section should had been cut out and replaced by a new one. However, it was not done so, as evidence indicates that the repair was not done according to the Boeing repair Manual. After much investigations, it appears that the maintenance technician failed to replace the damaged pieces, which causes the scratches to remained. China Airline engineers told the investigator that the scratched area was too large to be cut down, so they sanded the scratches down instead. Even though the repair was not done accordingly to the Boeing Repair Manual instructions, they made it seemed like it was. China Airline Engineers documented that they had repaired according to the Boeing standard, and that made the damage impossible to detect as anyone reading the entry would assumed that the damaged area had been cut out as it should had been done so. Thus, metal fatigue of the instrument caused a maintenance error of improper structural repair by the China Airline engineers was disastrous. Section 4 Contributing Factors 4.1 The China Airlines Flight 611 accident was caused by improper use of information/ incorrect modified information/ improper work process. The China Airlines Flight 611 suffered a tail strike while landing on runway on the 7th of February 1980, 22 years before the accident, at the time when the airplane was only six months old. On the day after the tail strike China Airlines did a temporary repair by attaching a large aluminium plate over the damaged area. A permanent repair was scheduled for the aircraft four months later. According to Boeings Structural Repair Manual, a light scratch on the structure of the aircraft can simply be sanded down. But the tail strike that occurred left a deep scratch on the skin of the fuselage that cannot be repaired by sanding it down. The correct procedure was to cut out the damaged area and replace it with a doubler patch that is 30% larger than the original affected area. China Airlines told that the area was too large to be cut out. They did not follow the procedure and carried on sanding down the scratches and finally covering it with a doubler plate. Unfortunately the repair wasnt sufficient nor was the doubler plate large enough. This shows that the engineer tasked with this did not use the information given to him by the Boeings structural repair manual nor did he followed the work process/ procedure but instead modified the manufacturers Structural repair manual incorrectly. With the doubler plate perfectly concealing the improper repair from ever being detected by anyone, the scratches were left to deteriorate into cracks and allowed to spread out for 22 years, until the pressure in the plane was too large for the structure of the plane to withstand that the plane tore apart in mid-air. 4.2 Another contributing factor includes the complacency of engineers. According to Boeings recommendations, the scratches on the skin of the fuselage were too deep to be repaired. The proper action was to cut out the damaged area and replace it with a doubler patch 30% larger than the removed area. The engineer in charge of the task was probably complacent and thought that it was okay to simply sand the scratched area and put a doubler plate on it. He probably thought that the scratch was nothing serious and the doubler plate was strong enough to support the skin and hence did the repairs following his own false judgments. After the Aloha Airlines Flight 243 accident on April 28 1988, the Federal Aviation Administration laid out inspection procedures to be done on older planes. The inspection of China Airlines Flight 611 was carried out on 2001, a year before the accident. This would have been an opportunity for China Airlines to detect the improper repair that was done 21 years back when they found a brown stain on one of the 31 doublers found on the aircraft. This could have warned them of the catastrophic crack that lies behind the doubler and forced them to take immediate action. The China Airlines overlooked this to be something minor and moved on to the second part of the Federal Aviation Administrations procedure which was a detailed inspection of the repaired areas scheduled to be done on the 2nd November 2002. Unfortunately the Boeing-747 never made it to the specified date. 4.3 Another contributing factor includes improper work process and procedure. The repair done was on the damage caused by the tail strike four months later was not logged in truthfully. The way that the engineer logged the repair done to the damaged area made it seem like it was in accordance to the Boeings recommendations and structural repair manual. This lead the improper repair to be oblivious to anyone as anyone who read the entry would have thought that the damaged area had been cut out as it should have been. 4.4 Amount of supervision The repair job might have lacked supervision when it was done and logged. There was no one to witness and re-check the repair that was supposed to be done, how it was done and how it was logged in the entry. If there was someone watching over their actions then hiding such a big mistake would have been impossible. At the very least the engineer would have had to schedule for another proper repair to be done on the next scheduled check. Section 5 Error Prevention Strategies Aviation agencies around the world to inspect their plane more thoroughly for any hidden damages that might develop into a major structure failure. Operators should take the doubler plates off and do a visual inspection to the structure underneath. Develop a tool that allows mechanics to easily detect hidden damages behind the doubler. Such tools are used today. Using ultrasound, sound wave travels through metals and it can reveal damage underneath the doubler. It is the same technology that allows doctor to see the foetus inside the mothers womb .The disadvantage is that it requires a lot of time. Reinforce importance to perform structural repairs according to the Structure Repair Manual or other regulatory agency approved methods, without deviation, and perform damage assessment in accordance with the approved regulations, procedures, and best practices. For any structural damages beyond existing approved data, operators should seek assistance and consultation from the manufacturer(s) for appropriate repair procedures. Categorize structural repair as a major repair Describe defect type and location clearly Step by step instructions and signature requirements Detailed drawings of the damages, locations on the aircraft, doubler dimensions, material specifications, applicable Structure Repair Manual sections, and any special instructions Review the record keeping system to ensure that all maintenance activities have been properly recorded. No longer accept any quick writes of the repair work was done properly if the repair does not have all the necessary documentation that show the repair was done properly in order to provide a clear view for inspector/auditors conducting records reviews. Assess and implement safety related airworthiness requirements, which consists of the Repair Assessment Program(RAP) and Corrosion Prevention and Control Program, at the earliest practicable time and ensure they are completed in conformity with the approved maintenance documents. When implementing the programs, information such as, operational factors, safety aspects, and the uncertainty factors in workmanship and inspection should be fully documented. Increase maintenance crews awareness with regard to the irregular shape of the aircraft structure, as well as any potential signs that may indicate hidden structural damage. 7. Operators to maintain healthy relationship with the manufacturers field service representative so as to actively seek assistance and consultation from manufacturers field service representatives in maintenance and repair operations. 8. Consider the implementation of stand-alone power sources for flight recorders and adding of cabin pressure as one of the mandatory Flight Data Recorder parameter to improve effectiveness in investigations.

Improving the Health of College Students Essay -- Health Nutrition Die

Improving the Health of College Students   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   â€Å"Did you know that public buildings seating over one hundred people will soon have to enlarge their seats to make accommodations for overweight people?† (Winfrey) This question is only a slight definition of the problem with the unhealthy habits of today’s Americans. Research suggests that this problem of overwhelming weight gain of Americans is beginning with college students. It is estimated that the average college student will gain 15 pounds during their freshman year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Unhealthy habits, of course, are not a new problem among college students. But part of the reason that unhealthy habits remains a problem in colleges and universities may be that people are uninformed and do not know any real solutions for the problem.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The problem is American college students are putting their health at risk with poor eating and exercise habits because they are uneducated about nutrition. The problem is not being solved because each individual has their own idea about what good health means. After researching, I found that at Arizona State University there are only two courses taught about health and exercise that can be taken to fulfill the general studies requirements (ASU Bulletin 77). One of the two classes is FON 344: Nutrition Services Management, in which the student will learn organization, administration, and management of food and nutrition services in hospitals and other institutions. The second class taught is NUR 254: Health for All : Issues of World Health. In this class students will be introduced to issues of world health, determines of health and relationships of health to development and change. Out of the five core areas and three awareness areas, ... ...he only solution I could come up with and that I felt would make any kind of a difference in the American society. The health of our future lies in our hands, so lets use our minds to make a difference. Works Cited Elmer—Dewit, Philip. â€Å"Fat times.†Time . Jan 16, 1995 v145. N2. P58 ( Hartley, Gregg. â€Å"Why do Americans Exercise?† Total Health.Oct 1995V17. N5. P36 (1). â€Å"Healthy Eating "Medlantic, Health Group On-Line â€Å"Importance of Exercise.† Usana, Independent Distributor. On-Li â€Å"Oprah Winfrey.† The Oprah Winfrey Show. March 4, 1997. â€Å"Serotin and Eating Disorders.† Medical Science Bulletin. PharmeceuticaInformation Associates, Ltd. â€Å"The food guide pyrmaid-for you.† IFIC: Source: US. Department of Agriculture / V.S Department of Health and Human Services. â€Å"What are Americans Eating.†Nutrition Resear â€Å"General Studies Courses.† ASU Bulletin. P7